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De-Emulsifier Injection Skid

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De-Emulsifier Injection skid

EMULSION MEANS

Emulsion means dispersed Oil in water due to surface tension property of Crude oil, due to close surface tension oil could not be able to separate from water. Tends to production loss of Crude oil in water. Emulsion will occur mainly at Upstream oil industry where high pressure, Agitation, Mixing and slug flow prevails which facilitate high dispersion of oil in water. Separation of crude oil from water is big task in Oil production industry. Emulsion is due to Surfactants which is also a part of component in Crude oil, which can be mitigated by crude oil analysis and provide appropriate chemical to De-emulsify from water.

DE-EMULSIFICATION AGENT

Demulsification or emulsion breaking is a must requirement crude oil production and waste water treatment. As above said in crude oil production, water-in-oil emulsions are produced. Emulsions are stable due to asphaltene, wax and resins. All crude production companies looking for Emulsion breaking at lowest possible cost.

Also following specification of crude handling facility may not contain more than 0.2 % BS &W (basic sediment and water) or 4.5 kg of salt per thousand barrels of crude oil. This specification is mainly to reduce corrosion and the deposition of salts in equipment's handling by downstream processing industries.

METHODS OF DE-EMULSIFICATION

Emulsion separation involves the destabilization of the emulsifying film of oil in water droplets. Methods widely used in crude processing industry to destabilize the emulsion are,

  • 1.0 Using Chemical Injection Skid - By ddition of chemical demulsifier
  • 2.0 Heater Treater skid - By increasing the temperature of the emulsion
  • 3.0 Desalter skid - By applying electrical fields that promote coalescence and changing the physical characteristics of the emulsion.
On above all first method De-Emulsifier Injection Skid which is the addition of chemical demulsifiers is by far the most commonly used method.

De-Emulsifier Injection Skid:

Demulsifiers are surface active agents or Chemicals that are designed to migrate at the oil-water interface and neutralize the effect of emulsifying agents. De-Emulsion Chemicals are manufactured by familier chemical company such as NALCO,Baker Huges. Based on Crude Property chemical supplying company will estimate how much quantity of De-Emulsifier is required and how much dosing is proper to De-emulsifying chemicals.

De-Emulsifier injection skid is coming with following components such as Tank to handle daily day consumption of chemicals, Pumps to flow chemicals at desired Pipeline pressure which will at the range of 3 barg to 700 barg based on production pipeline pressure. Dosing range will br from 0.2 LPH to 100 LPH or more based on Chemical supplliers recommendation. Piping system which mainly consist of Caliberation Pot , Pulsation dampener , PSV and Flow Meters.

  • Calibration Pot : Which is a small vessel or Measuring Jar with calibration scale, which is used to check manually to adjust flow rate of dosing and consumption of chemicals vices versa using measuring jar.
  • Pulsation Dampener: All Injection Pumps are Reciprocating pump, to maintain steady state flow from receiprocating pump pulsation dampener helps as to steady flow and pressure to pipeline.
  • Pressure safety Valve: A safety device to protect or prevent from any accident during wrong operations, since this Injection skid is high pressure skid.
  • Flow Meter : Flow meter is instrument to inject correct flow of injection instead of losing chemicals unneccesarily, which cost the company in revenues.